I’ve had the stylus of an Onyx Platinum pop off cleanly, after it went skating across a Pink Floyd record - no apparent damage to the boron cantilever nor suspension. My friend lost the stylus of an Ortofon Jubilee due to a fuzzy sweater snag - again, no other damage to the boron cantilever. Those boron cantilevers are tough! Much tougher than the thin aluminum pipe you get on cheaper models - those crumple very easily.
I haven’t had a "no known trauma" stylus loss, yet. It’s unlikely for a stylus to come off the cantilever without trauma, though (speculating) I guess it’s possible if it wasn’t mounted very securely in the first place. If you look at the typical Euro mounts (Benz, van den Hul) they use a LOT of glue, perhaps "just to be sure".
I’ve also used LAST stylus cleaner (applied occasionally) for years now with no issue and no concern on that front. It’s not going to affect a "healthy" mount imo, and I’m not changing my habits even if an expert warns against it.
Sorry this happened to you.

