A few words on evaluating the Synergistic research fuses. Think of fuses as being part of a system. Changing one fuse in a system is not going to result in the mind blowing results that some have experienced. Let us say you are a farmer downstream a river with 8 dams. Removing the first dam will result in a a small increase in water flow at your downstream location, but the water will flow freely only when all 8 dams have been cleared. About a year ago I installed red fuses in my system. 2 in my SACD player, one in my preamp and 4 in my power amp. The benefits were immediate and awesome. After a few weeks it improved even more. It is not surprising that the most assured voice in this forum is David Pritchard who installed 13 fuses in his system. It is only when the last fuse is upgraded that the full benefits of the upgrade will be fully release. Take my word for this.
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Before this thread comes to an end I would like to personally thank Oregonpapa for starting probably the most informative, stimulating, and successful posts I have yet seen on these forums. He has provided an economical upgrade path for thousands of audiophiles. But this thread has done something even more important: It has opened up the minds of many. Thank you very much
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oregonpapa 4/20/16 " I like to seek out natural recordings, most of which were recorded in the 50's and 60's " One great example is "Belafonte at Carniegie Hall" recorded live in 1959
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DavidPritchard On 2/1916 you wrote to Oregonpapa: "Add a synergistic research grounding block to your system." I did purchase a gounding block with one HD cable to my SACD player, one basic cable to my preamp. The remaining cables, including the cable to the wall came as part of the basic grounding block package. I installed everything immediately, allowed it to settle for 24 hours, turned on my SACD player and hit the jack pot. I am on a roll. My last three purchases Red fuses, Wywires Platinum intrerconnect cable and now the grounding block have all exceeded my expectations. I am now walking with a spring in my step and a smile on my face. Life is good.
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Charles Thanks for reminding me. Its a long time since I last played Sarah & Clifford. I'll remedy this tonight.
OP "The purity of Ella's voice countered by Armstrong's rasp is extra special" You nailed it OP. I rarely see so much content in such few words. Well said.
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On 5/20/16 Charles 1 dad wrote "Well recorded mono is just fine with me" Its also just fine with me too Charles1. A good example is this 1956 Verve recording "Ella and Louis" with the following personnel: Ella Fitzgerald - vocal Louis Armstrong - Trumpet & vocal Oscar Peterson -Piano Herb Ellis - guitar Buddy Rich - drums
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On 5/20/16 slaw wrote: "Can any of you explain why an item such as a fuse has such an impact on sound?
The honest answer is that we do not have all the answers. There are probably several factor involved. We do know however that it does. And accepting this fact is the first step on the road to finding out why.
We do know that the best fuses can elevate the performance of a high definition system to startlingly higher levels of performance. The sonic benefits of the fuse are proportional to the quality of the system in which it is placed as well as the capacity of the audiophile to know what live music sounds like. A low quality system ( which in some cases includes expensive amplifiers and/or loudspeakers) may not have the resolution to reveal some of these changes. For example many systems cannot important changes to soundstage information like front to back depth and soundstage height. Also if the system lacks quietness, low level information will be lost.
It is no coincidence that the originator of his thread "Oregonpapa" has a very high performance system with reference quality products. Moreover he is a music lover with keen ears and a history of live performances. (I confess that I have never met or spoken to Oregonpapa . My description of his system and life experiences are gleaned from this thread) When confronted with the dramatic results brought about the Synergistic Research fuse he could not restrain himself. He had to tell his fellow audiophiles the good news. It is important to note that he was blown away by the incredible realism of the saxophone in one of his favorite albums. An audiophile whose system is inadequate, or who has no knowledge of the sound of acoustical instruments may not notice any significant changes when playing the same album.
When I said above that we do not know why a fuse can have a large effect on the fidelity of a system, I do not mean to imply that no has the answers. The first thing to realize is that a fuse by itself cannot improve fidelity. However when placed in an amplifier, the amplifier can produce the changes we hear. When I first heard the synergistic fuse I immediately recognized the changes as amplifier sourced. The addition of the fuse was a modification to the amplifier in the same way that Modwright or other individuals modify amplifiers. The fuse when placed in an amplifier behaves in accordance with established fundamental principles. The real challenge is find out which of these fundamental principles has the most dominant effects in this application.
I was faced with a similar quandary in 1980. I had a system close to reference quality, which I sought to improve. But how? Then I saw an article by Jung & Marsh in Audio magazine. At that time audio designers would calculate the capacitance value of a capacitor for a given amplifier circuit. However, when Jung and Marsh built these amplifiers using capacitors from various manufacturers, listening tests revealed that they all sounded differently. This was a shocking result. How can caps with the same values sound so differently? It turned out that none of the caps were behaving as a pure capacitor should. Although each had the same measured capacitor value they had significant resistance and inductive values not specified in the circuit diagrams. To complicate matters even further each cap used a different dielectric and there was a huge correlation between dielectric material and sound quality. I was able to acquire some high quality caps, built in response to the audio magazine article and as I changed each cap I heard a massive improvement in sound quality.
My guess is that vibrational energy caused by current flowing through the fuse will be identified as a major factor in fuse performance. But this is a topic for another time.
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Andynotadam I am looking forward to reading your experience with the black fuse in your REL sub. When reporting please mention the crossover frequency. I have a REL B2. Thanks
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Andynotadam
Thanks for sharing your experience using the black fuse in your REL-328 with such clarity. It is a pleasure to read your post. Your results are precisely what I hope to achieve in my system. Many audiophiles, unfortunately, do not fully understand the real benefits of a properly set-up REL sub-woofer. There are many subs with "more" BASS but REL is not about more bass. It is more about revealing ultra low frequency information relating to the scale and acoustics of the musical venue.
The input to my REL is the same output my amplifier sends to the loudspeakers. I use the excellent Synergistic Research REL SPEC sub-woofer cable with the Speakon connection. For power I use the Audience Power Chord. (Not the best performer but it is good enough).
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Oregonpapa,
The two best life enhancing decisions I have ever made:
1. Marrying my wife
2. Purchasing a REL Sub-woofer.
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Andynotadam
There was something I wanted to say in my last post.
" I LOVE that 30Hz crossover point."
I crossover at 55 Hz because my main speakers are stand Mounts and only go down to 45 Hz. I wish I had full range speakers so that I could crossover between 20 and 30Hz.
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Andynotadam
I cannot get to the the IEC without opening the box. When I do open the box I'll see how difficult it will be to get at the circuit boards. My user manual list the main fuse as 3.15ma but there is no mention of the values for the pcb mounted fuses. I interpret this to mean either they do not wish users to meddle around with the boards or that specialized tools are required.
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Oregonpapa
Neil Gader's review of the REL S5 in the Absolute Sound is very encouraging. I have no knowledge of this relatively new model. The price is very attractive at $2500. ( I paid $2645 for my B2 in 2008 ).
Neil Gader was the owner of a REL B3 for many years and is familiar with the brand. In my opinion he is one of the more credible magazine reviewers.
The S5 is one of the best looking subs I have ever seen. Good luck!
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Oregonpapa
My previous post 6/3/16 remains valid. However last night I felt I should have another look at the G5 using factual criteria rather than relying on one writer's review. I kept wondering how REL could build a state of the art product, and sell it for $2500. Moreover I was uncomfortable about the of 70 pounds weight. Call me old fashioned but I cant help myself on this.
I visited REL's UK web site and I am glad I did. I now believe that, if I were buying a new REL sub for myself I would buy the G2 because it is much better value at $3500 than the S5 at $2500.
The most important factor is the S5 crossover frequency range is 30Hz to 90Hz. This disqualifies the S5 for your application. Your loudspeakers are full-range and extend down to about 22Hz. You need a sub that gives you the ability to cross over in the 20 to 30 Hz range. There is a lot of important acoustical and ambient information in the 16 to 30Hz range. ( not to mention pipe organ organ music).
The stated frequency response of the G5 is -6db at 20hz and it drops like a stone because of the passive radiator design; at -24 db per octave. The G2 is -6db at 18Hz but more importantly its closed box design falls off at -12db per octave. This also plays havoc with the phase response of the G5.
The G2 comes with a remote. To be able to sit in your listening chair and make adjustments to volume, crossover frequency, and phase IN REAL TIME is easily worth the extra $1000.
The power amp in the G2 is a traditional class AB design rated at 450 watts RMS. REL has been using this design in the reference quality products for many years with great success. The amp in the G5 is described as Class D and has an output of 550 watts RMS.
Unless your listening environment is very large, I do not think the smaller 10" drive unit of the G2 is a disadvantage compared to the much larger 12" cone area of the G5.
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Andynotadam
Excellent write up!
Just one more thing. Please take that "wicked grin" from your face. You are making me feel jealous.
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Oregonpapa
In a previous post I erroneously referred to a REL G5. Unfortunately, no such creature walks the earth. The products under discussion are:
1. REL S5, reviewed by Neil Gader in the absolute sound.
2. REL G2 which I suggested as an alternative. The G 2 is a member of the "GIBRALTAR" series which sits at the very top of the REL Lineup. There are 2 subs in the Gibraltar series. The G1 which is top dog and the smaller and less expensive G2, designed for more moderately sized listening environments.
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oregonpapa Yes I am recommending the G2 if your listening room is of moderate proportions. I would also suggest that you speak directly to John Hunter of Rel, provide him with specifics of your listening room and your stereo speakers. Ask him if the G2 would be a good fit for you. I found a review of the G2 about five 5 minutes ago. Here is the link: http://www.tonepublications.com/review/rel-gibraltar-g-2-sub-bass-system/ |
Oregonpapa 06-13-16
Amazing!
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davidpritchard
Thanks for clarifying the relative characteristics of the 3 Synergistic fuses. I am still using the red fuses and your post will be very useful going forward.
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After enjoying the red fuses for 18 months, I have finally decided to try the black fuses. A purchased two for my CD player a week ago. I listened briefly after installation and the sound was uninspiring.
Two days ago I had another listen. Something was wrong. I checked my connections and they were all correct. I reversed the direction of the fuses and left the player on (but not playing) until this morning. It now sounds much better!
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Oregonpapa and andynotadam
Thank you for your inputs.
For the next 7 days I will play HollyCole"s "Temptation SACD once daily". I never turn off my system so by next weekend I should be in good shape. It might not be fully broken in by then, but I will know how good it is going to be.
I have a very good feeling about these black fuses.
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David Pritchard
Oregonpapa 6.13.16. "going from the RED fuse to the BLACK fuse is more of an improvement than going from the stock fuse to the RED fuse."
How would you characterize the improvements in going from the Tesla Plex SE to the black outlet?
I do value your comments.
Thanks
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andynotadam
I think the dog has found a guinea pig for me. I will be following your experiment with great interest.
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Oregonpapa 06.13.16
"Going from the red fuse to the black fuse is more of an improvement than going from the stock fuse to the red fuse"
Hafreeman 06.14.16
" I must say the improvements going from the red fuse to the black fuse is profound. The music is sweet and clear and more listenable all around"
Andynotadam 06.15.16
" The sound (of the black fuse ) is smooth, liquid, detailed and extended "
I replaced the red fuses in my Sony SACD player about a week ago and after listening to my system this morning I can now say that I agree 100% with all the above statements.
These black fuses deserve the highest recommendation. If the audio magazines are awake, they have a moral obligation to name the Synergistic Research black fuses " Product of the Year" and " Budget Product of the Year" for 2016.
I am now salivating at the prospect of upgrading my preamp, power amp and sub-woofer with these magnificent fuses.
These fuses have my unqualified recommendation for all systems regardless of the components being used. This is a major upgrade to all power supplies and the power supply has the most consequential effects on sound quality.
If after installation the sound is still below par, make sure your connections are correct. If they are reverse the direction of the fuses. ( I know that "theoretically" reversing fuse direction in an AC circuit should not make a difference, but is does. This is also the experience of other audiophiles in this forums. Remember, we are not privy to manufacturing process. If we were the reasons for things like this would become clear )
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wolf_garcia
"He who knows not and knows not that he knows not is a fool"
SOURC: my grandmother when I was about 8 years old.
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labtec 070616
"
Step back and look at how ridiculous it is to spend this much time posting about a synergistic research fuse."
I see from one of your earlier posts that you are a great fan of Steve McCormack and his modifications. So am I. Steve is one of the giants of the hifi industry. This is what he had to say about fuses.
As a high-end audio designer, I am always on the
lookout for new ways to improve the performance of my electronics. It
has been clear to me for a long time that anything done to improve the
quality of my power supplies has a direct beneficial effect on the sound
of my equipment. What has been surprising (and not a little
frustrating) is how important the “little details” have become - the AC
power cords, AC inlets, internal wiring, and now the fuses themselves.
Like most audiophiles, I was skeptical at first - the truth is that I
didn’t "want" fuses to make any difference and become yet another detail
to worry about. And yet when “audiophile grade” fuses first appeared, I
knew I had to try them - the quality of the AC power path is simply too
important to ignore.
So I tried the fuses from HiFi-Tuning and
Isoclean, and was impressed by both. Here was a simple tweak that made a
larger legitimate sonic improvement than many absurdly-high-priced
cables I had tried, and cost a LOT less! Being happy with the
HiFi-Tuning fuses, I did not immediately jump on the Furutech fuses when
they first appeared, but I kept them in mind. Since I use a number of
other Furutech products in my equipment designs and upgrades, I finally
gave in and ordered some fuses.
Holy Smoke! To say I was
impressed is an understatement! I was very surprised to hear that the
Furutech fuses were outperforming the HiFi-Tuning fuses in every
respect, and installing them throughout my system brought it up to a new
level of performance. The Furutech fuses have quickly become my most
highly recommended tweak, and one of my all-time favorites. I urge you
to try them in your own system. Check the value and size of the main AC
line fuses in your gear and order some Furutechs for at least your amp
and preamp. As always, your mileage may vary, but I suspect you will be
impressed and pleased with the improvement in clarity, dynamics, and
engagement. Enjoy!" Steve McCormack · Designer · SMcAudio.com · Vista, CA
I think Steve would LOVE the synergistic Research black fuses.
Another thing. I also saw one of your posts railing about power cords that cost more than $1000. Oregonpapa who started this thread has power cords that cost $3000 each. Is this one of the reasons you choose his thread for your rants?
From reading your posts I am convinced you are a genuine audiophile and I hold no grudge against you. We all form opinions in good faith from time to time. However new technologies and new products also appear from time to time. As a genuine audiophile you must remain curious or be left behind.
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On the question of music:
Fasten your seatbelts and check this out.
"Dialoghi" from yarlungrecords. (And Amazon.com)
CD.19.99 45RPM 180 gRAM Vinyl $29.99
Elinor Frey - Cello David Fung - piano
Recommended by BOB LEVI, President of the Los Angeles and Orange County Audio Society
This serious stuff.
My ratings: Music 5 stars Audio-quality: 5 stars
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Andynotadam
Great review. Thanks for sharing your experience. I have been holding back because I could not get a handle on the EXTENT of the improvement one can reasonably expect expect from the black fuse. Things are much clearer now. Thanks.
My current outlet is a Furutech installed in 2004. It feeds a home built passive power supply using a pair of Synergistic research Tesla Plex SE outlets.
I will replace the Furutech with the black outlet, after I have I have upgraded all my electronics with black fuses.
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Andynotadam
Correction: In the 3rd sentence of my post above I wrote " I have been holding back (on purchasing the black outlet) because I could not get a handle on the EXTENT of the improvement one can reasonably expect from the black fuse. Instead of "black fuse" I should have written "black outlet"
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David
I have learned a lot, and my system has improved a lot as a result of this thread. The black fuses, the grounding block, and now the black outlet.
My sincerest thanks to you for your role in this process. Oregonpapa has also made a compelling case for the HFT 2.0
Every time I spin a CD I marvel at the improved musicality wrought by the fuses and grounding block. My CD collection is now in reality a priceless treasure.
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Jafreeman ( on the black fuse )
"The sound is clearer yet--liquid, wet, silky. The bottom end is fuller, extended."
Funny thing. This was exactly what I was hearing last night.
Well said Jafreeman!
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ptss
You missed most of "EVERYTHING".
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charles1dad
Thanks for mentioning the guitar. I immediately ordered "MONK" by Peter Bernnstein from Amazon.com.
Andynotadam
I know you like Shirley Horn's "main ingredient" but have you got her "Here's to life"?
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I upgraded my pre-amp, without incident, 9 hours ago, with the black fuse.
I played a couple of songs from Patricia Barber's "Modern Cool" SACD and the bass has now begun to firm up.
Things are looking up !
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Oregonpapa 7.13.16
I've spent some time this morning trying to analyse what would motivate
someone with "labtec's' pristine qualifications (audiologist,
psychologist, sales trainer and financial planner) to make such a
convoluted attack on not only me, but Ted Denny, SR in general and upon
others posting here"
Why did Mark David Chapman shoot and kill John Lennon, a man who promoted love, peace and beautiful music?
Fortunately we can still enjoy a few miracles like Jackie Evancho.
There are many things we will never understand.
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Andynotadam 7.12.16
"One thing that has struck me as I added the SR Black fuses and now at
about 150 hours with the Black Outlets is that undesirable artifacts
that I previously attributed to various forms of physical resonance
(speaker, room, component, etc), were more accurately lying in the
supply of electrical power to my system."
Same here. The only difference is that I ALWAYS blamed my Audioquest Cheetah interconnect cable. I promise to apologize to this cable before the end of today. It is not perfect but it has been a loyal friend for close to a decade and deserve respect.
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Andynotadam 7.12.16
"One of my all time faves, Holly Cole's "Temptation."
Your honor " I am guilty as charged. I just could not help my-self. She was so beautiful "
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Labtec 7.13.2016
"Synergistic Research use great actual electronic devices from companies like Berkeley,
Soulution, and Magico...then throw in their tweaks to make it seems like
they are somehow the reason for great sound."
Now Mr. Labtech, it seems reasonable to me that Synergistic Research would wish to display their products with high quality equipment. I don,t see anything wrong with that. Did you expect them to display their tweaks with a BOSE RADIO?
Well, as a matter of fact, they did use a BOSE RADIO to display their tweaks at RMAF 2013. Here is what Stereophile magazine had to say:
"My initial impression, with everything in the system, was that despite the radio's glaring limitations, the room-filling size and depth of the soundstage were pretty amazing. As Denny (President of Synergistic Research) progressively removed the HFTs he had positioned around the room (including two at the front and back of the radio) xxxxxxxxx the sound stage shrank, bass lost impact, and music became localized in the radio, and most important, the listening experience became less compelling. Having that I wish I could have heard this experiment on a far more refined system."
Labtec you had a great opportunity at Newport to hear the Synergistic Research tweaks in some of the most refined equipment in existence. BUT YOU BLEW THE OPPORTUNITY.
Here is a very different take at what happened at Newport. This review is by one of my favorite and most trusted reviewer.
"SR was demonstrating in a HUGE room, the largest at the SHOW. The holographic imaging was spectacular. When they moved the SR products out of the room, and disconnected others, the image became small flat movie screen like you'd see at the smaller movie theaters. When the products were moved back into the room and everything reconnected, it became like a huge, 3-D presentation at a good IMAX theater"
This latter review was written, not for gain or money, but as a note to some of his friends who were unable to attend the show. This man is a real gentleman, who is very respectful of other people, even those with opinions that differ from his. Ladies and Gentlemen give it up for OREGONPAPA.
Here is some good advice. This thread has been read by thousands of people who have now read all the palpable nonsense you have written in two separate posts. You stand naked under bright lights for all to see. Your unprovoked derogatory personal remarks directed at Oregonpapa is disgraceful, crude, mean, and WRONG.
The only good thing to come out of this wretched affair is that several hundred thousand people now know, not who you are, but what you are.
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andynotadam 7.13.16
I ordered
Marc Ribot and the Prosthetic Cubans
Cd from amazon.com.It is expected on Friday.
I still remember the first time I heard a Jazz guitarist play the beautiful "yellow Bird" song. It was so beautiful that I still vividly remember it today after several decades.
Marc Ribot and the prosthetic cubans is eerily similar. Thanks for sharing
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Andynotadam
Hi Andy
I will probably install the black outlet at the end of this month. Did you install an aftermarket cover when you installed your black outlet? Do you have any reason to believe that any of the available covers improve performance? Or is it mostly for appearance?
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DavidPritchard
Hi David,
The fuse in my preamp is evolving and continues to improve. By Sunday night it should be fully broken in. Things are going so well that I might replace only 2 of the 4 red fuses in the power amp. I will not replace the 2 rail fuses at this time. I will install the black AC outlet before moving on to the power amp.
When I do get to the power amp top priority will be grounding the circuit board to the grounding block with a home-made high definition cable. I have reason to believe this will be more effective than grounding the amp"s chassis to the grounding block. I also need to check the bias on the amp, install the 2 AC fuses, and inspect the AC inlets sockets.
Best wishes
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Oregonpapa 07.07.16
"Charles.......you are always the gentleman in these discussions...... Its much appreciated by me, and that's for sure"
And by me too.. that's for sure. During the turbulence resulting from posts relating to Wolf- Garcia he has displayed calm, understanding, restraint, leadership and in fact statesmanship.
I tip my hat to you SIR. I just love this thread.
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Sunday night was Guitar night.
First up was "MONK" by The the Peter Bernstein trio Peter Bernstein - guitar Doug Weiss Bass Bill Stewart Drums
This is warm, smooth music with Berstein's guitar having shades of Wes Montgomery and Kenny Burrell Solid, sober music. (Thanks Charles 1dad )
NEXT "THE PROSTHETIC CUBANS" Mark Ribot Guitar and trumpet Gregory Ribot Baritone SAX Rodriquez Drums and Percussion
Do not be fooled by the name of the band. These guys are ready for the Olympics in Rio next month. Explosive as a handful of grenades.You had better be standing when listening. Good quality recording. (Thanks Andynotadam)
THE MAIN EVENT:
JIM HALL "CONCIERTO" Jim Hall guitar Paul Desmond Alto Sax Chet Baker Trumpet Ron Carter Bass Roland Hanna Drums
This production is of Reference quality in every way. i have had this SACD version for a long time. It might not be easily available.
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Charles 1dad
My earlier post "I cant wait to hear" was made on the premise Wolf-Garcia's post was in good humor. Oregonpapa's post clearly indicate he was of a similar opinion.
I still have no idea what's going on but do hope this matter ends well.
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Mapman
"Yes and there is probably now someone out there who believes that if
they do not hear a difference with these things it means their system is
not good enough"
That is exactly what I am saying. Not all so called "systems" are good enough. This of course is not a problem if someone is happy with the sound of their system. It becomes a problem only when that someone is giving "advice" on a daily basis to many who are in dire need of sound advice and assistance.
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almarg 7.27.16
" As I, and others have pointed out in a number of past threads, the ability of a system to resolve hardware difference does not necessarily go hand ii hand in hand with musical resolution or its sonic quality."
My response is that the ability of a electronic components to resolve information of all types is always dependent on the quality of their power supplies.y experience is that, in a properly functioning system, any change in the power supply is clearly audible. Some changes are pro-found, others may be more subtle, but they are always audible. The Synergistic Research is a "MAJOR UPGRADE" to the power supplies of all audio amplifiers. In fact " THIS UPGRADE NECESSARILY GO HAND IN HAND WITH MUSICAL RESOLUTION AND SONIC QUALITY"
There is good reason for the popularity of this red fuse thread. It provides a path for audiophiles, with little or no technical skills, to make massive improvements to their system for relatively small outlays. It is my belief that installation of black fuses, at a cost of $120 each, will provide improvements similar to many modifications costing in excess of $1000.
If you are serious about making a contribution to this thread, I suggest you replace the fuses in the power supply of one of your components, with Synergistic black fuses and POST THE RESULTS IN THIS THREAD.
There are individuals with 3000 or more posts who visit this thread from time to time but in most cases their posts have not been helpful. Some of their posts are inane, but more often merely irrelevant and lacking true substance.
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wolf-garcia 07-27-16
"I DID test the SR black fuses in my system and wrote about it here [posted on 7-13], finding that they delivered nothing to the sound of my system. This test was a monumental waste of time"
The effects of the Synergistic Research black fuses may be non-existent, subtle or profound. It simple depends on what system factors you have addressed, and to what degree your system is performing. Genuine audiophiles who have addressed issues of power conditioning, high quality cabling, tuned acoustics and isolation of mechanical resonance of components have no difficulties in hearing the benefits.
IF YOU DO NOT HEAR THE BENEFITS [OF THE BLACK FUSES] YOUR SYSTEM IS NOT PERFORMING OPTIMALLY.
Of course there may be other factors holding back your system and obscuring the benefits. If this is the case professional help is advised.If professional assistance do not cure the problem, I am afraid you have to accept the fact that you are simply inept.
One more thing. You stated "they [the SR black fuses] delivered nothing to the sound of my system" This statement is incorrect. The fuses delivered information which your system was unable to convey, BECAUSE IT IS NOT A HIGH RESOLUTION SYSTEM.
There is, however, one statement you made with which I am in complete agreement. "THIS WAS A MONUMENTAL WASTE OF TIME"
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