Watch this Video of a Yamaha Receiver CR-2040 (I own the CR-1040)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q9E896TPv0g
the ’loudness’ control is demonstrated from 1:20 to 1:30.
(it’s youtube, so don’t expect to hear the fidelity of effects as much as volume changes)
The normal volume was previously set with the separate primary volume control while the loudness control was set to FLAT.
at 1:20 he turns the loudness control counter clockwise (the direction you usually turn to lower volume). Hear the volume progressively lower as he turns it. The numbers (increasing while the volume lowers) indicate the increasing amount of fletcher munson compensation that is ADDED, progressively, as the volume is LOWERED.
down/back up 1:20 to 1:30, (back to flat, no compensation).
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A lot of Vintage equipment had ’loudness’ controls, but they are stupidly named, and were and still are poorly understood. Some clockwise, some anti-clockwise, no agreed implementation.
Most were manual, and easy to forget you engaged it.
Yamaha’s solution, is like having the Chase unit built-in, however, it is two separate manual controls, and easily forgettable
The advantage of Chase RLC-1 is that, once you set your main volume manually, and leave it there: then the Chase is used, remotely, for all volume changes, more or less, the loudness is progressevily engaged for you, and disappears as you approach normal volume.
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from Yamaha’s Manual
Sadly, it's fake wood, but it is a full featured beast, sounds terrific in my Garage/Shop system.
It’s a rare bird that can understand, then use two independent manual controls, then remember .... not me.
Once, I forgot my McIntosh Preamp was in Mono Mode. A friend brings his new tube preamp, I get it in to compare to my tube preamp, and we spend over a hour, then, puzzled by the sound, I noticed the Mode Switch. Hah.