Expanding the Class D Conversation: How Would You Characterize Their Differences?


Expanding the Class D Conversation: How Would You Characterize Their Differences?

I'm currently trialing the NAD M23 (1st gen. Eigentakt-based), and I find it intriguing enough to want to understand it better — which means understanding the broader sonic landscape of class D. So I'm crowd-sourcing.

In a recent exchange, the estimable Ralph Karsten (Atma-Sphere Music Systems) made two comments that stopped me cold. For those who missed it, here's what he said:

"IME, class D amps vary in sound more than tube amps, which is to say, quite a lot."

"IMO there is a bigger difference between various class D amps than you hear between various tube amps. IOW just because you heard one class D amp says nothing about how the next one might sound."

Link: https://forum.audiogon.com/posts/2885828

As I think through this more carefully, these are genuinely important claims. My own experience with tube amps confirms that they produce audibly distinct characters across topologies and designs. If Ralph is right and class D exceeds that range, then generalizing from one class D experience to another is even more hazardous than I assumed.

One specific question for Audiogon members:

If you have a Class D amp or have compared class D amplifiers, how would you describe their character(s)?

Here are some criteria I use:

  1. Frequency balance — Is the tonal response even across bass, mids, and treble, or does it favor certain regions?
  2. High-frequency texture — Are the highs extended and smooth, or edgy, grainy, and fatiguing?
  3. Bass definition — Is the low end tight and articulate, or loose and bloated?
  4. Midrange character — Does the midrange feel present and natural, or recessed and thin?
  5. Transient speed — Does the amp respond quickly to dynamic attacks, or does it sound sluggish and rounded?
  6. Dynamic range — Does it scale convincingly from quiet passages to loud ones, or compress the difference?
  7. Soundstage width and depth — Does it create a convincing three-dimensional image, or sound flat and narrow?
  8. Image specificity — Are instruments and voices placed precisely, or do they blur and wander?
  9. Background noise floor — Is the silence between notes actually silent, or is there grain, haze, or hash?
  10. Long-term listenability — After an extended session, do you want to keep listening, or has something been quietly fatiguing you?

If you can include relevant system context — room, speakers, preamp — please do. Those variables will help me interpret what the amp itself is contributing.

I'm less interested in rankings than in understanding what Ralph mentioned, namely the [vast] range of sonic signatures class D is capable of. Eigentakt, Hypex, Pascal, Purifi, GaN-based, etc. — all fair game.

Price is no constraint here — I'm interested in the full range of what's out there.

hilde45

@decooney this is what I gathered from AI...

Bridging an amplifier doubles the voltage and halves the impedance load seen by the amp, meaning a bridged amp is typically only safe with 8-ohm or higher speakers if its minimum rating per channel is 4 ohms. If the amp is "2-ohm stable" in stereo, it can safely handle a 4-ohm speaker in bridged mode. 

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@hilde

With my system I upgraded in a sort of orderly way.  I had been using a Rogue Sphinx v3 integrated (much earlier Class D power with tubes in the pre section) for a number of years.  Definitely like the tube aspect in the equipment chain.  Then decided to buy the KEF Reference 1 Metas after hearing them at audio shows two years ago and again last year.  The Sphinx was very nice yet I kept thinking I needed more power.  Neurotically reading and researching, it was clear that a modern Class D amp would give me not only so much more power "per dollar,"  but also substantial additional current for the KEFs.  The research and reviews and the improvement with modern Class D was very consistent.

 

I decided on a VTV Purifi 7040 based dual mono amp with upgraded op-amp and wiring.  My next step was to buy a preamp.  Again the research and, this time during travels, I went to a few hifi shops and auditioned some preamps; all with very nice different qualities.  Paid a restocking fee as well for the one I ordered directly and returned.  I really enjoyed the Rogue sound and wondered what if I should buy one of their preamps, yet there were many.  So the first thing I did was connect the Sphinx v3 to the VTV 7040 via the pre-outs.  Wow, could definitely hear a difference and louder volumes with the KEFs maintained really great coherence.  What would a better Rogue preamp do?  I decided the Rogue/VTV/Denafrips Pontus II (that I already had) were the electronics for me.

 

After much deliberation and again reading, reading, and more reading I decided on the recently new Rogue RP-7 v2 (spent more dollars than I anticipated).  Another wow moment. The detail I heard coming out of the KEFs relative to the soundstage positioning the Denafrips provided was just fantastic.  Never heard anything like this in my listening room previously.  I have been so thrilled in the less than a year I have had this current iteration of my setup, which has gone through so many upgrade changes over the decades. 

 

Then I went to Axpona 2026.  So much listened to.  As I posted previously to this OP question, I started to wonder if there was something about the sample of Class A/B amps that I heard at the show (despite the various effects of hifi show conditions) collectively as compared to the sample of Class D amps there.  Not a unit by unit comparison, but more generally comparing these two classes of amplifiers.  The difference I heard is still unnamed.  As I said in my previous posting, is it "presence," "musicality," or something else. 

 

Is it worth spending more money again to extract another 5 or 10% (maybe less); assuming what I thought I heard is real.  I do not know.   I will take my time as I am thrilled with what I have right now.  Very interesting hobby this is with regard to upgradeitus.  Been going on for decades with me.

 

 

@swaudiofan Thanks for the reflections. I have a couple of reactions.

First, I think the Rogue preamps are at another level than (at least) their Sphinx amps. I'm reading they still use older Purifi modules and are not really going to equal others by a longshot. I'll look up the VTV Purifi 7040 to learn more.

If, as Ralph said (paraphrasing), "Class D amps can all sound different depending on many factors) then what I take from your remarks is this question -- "Why not a Class A/B amp, if they all could sound different too?" 

Perhaps there is something about the "grip" of a Class D amp that connects them as a technology to embrace -- implemented as well as possible?

Then again there is that "presence"* factor that you mention. My tube amps have "presence" and so do my Class A amps. I am experiencing that right now with both a Pass XA-25 and a SIT-3 in my system. Either one, they have presence. In my opinion (already related in this thread), the AGD lacks presence, the NAD lacks presence, and the Hypex (Niali) DIY amp lacked presence. They all have "grip" but they all lack "presence." 

* "Presence" is a clunky word. By it I mean: Tactile, weighty, dense, warm, tonally layered.

@hilde

Nice response.  The words "grip" relative to "presence" might be a very credible way of differentiating the listening experience in this context.  The modern Class D certainly has grip; does it have the same presence as Class A/B.  I like that; thanks.