OP
"the distance from the pivot to the stylus can be changed by about 2 cm, plus/minus....this is what I remain confused about"
The proper OVERHANG (center spindle to stylus tip distance)
| Effective length |
9.5’’ |
10.5’’ |
12’’ |
| Mounting distance, mm |
205.5 |
236.1 |
283.8 |
| Pivot to spindle distance, mm |
223 |
251.6 |
295.6 |
| Overhang, mm |
17 |
15.4 |
13.4 |
Often Hard to see, which arm length do you have, they vary
I scratch marks on the side and top of my cartridges with an xacto blade, so I can see/know where the tip will be. MM, you can remove the stylus, do the work, put the stylus in last. MC you can put the stylus guard on while working if you make yourself an easily seen mark.
OVERHANG is the distance you need to set, you lightly tighten one screw, then you twist the cartridge body sideways, (looking at the lines/marks on the protractor below the cartridge) finding the best compromise of ’parallel to the groove’ at BOTH the inner and outer null points.

ANY pivoted arm, throughout it’s arc across the LP: starts wrong, gets right (outer null point), goes wrong gets right a 2nd time (inner null point), goes wrong again.
Maybe they should have called them ’right points’, or ’straight points’.
Anyway, you twist until you get the best compromise at those two distances (which vary for each arm, or the 3 nut/null jobs we have cast in memory), and tighten the screws,
without letting it change the overhang distance when you twist it sideways!