I have used pots on transformers and they function electrically as expected. The 1kΩ value you mention is fine for loading a cartridge directly (across the primary of the SUT). If the desire is to load the secondary, then a much larger value would be needed.
As for sonics, a case can be made that the type of resistor also plays a role but these are macro and micro situations. A pot is quick and easy to change and dial in to find the macro effects of loading on the system. Once a general range is found, I find moving to discrete resistors often nets a further improvement.
dave

