Tube Discussion Microphonics?


I have read in quite a few places where someone complained of this tube or that being microphonic. I understand what is meant in a discussion of matching output parameters but I have heard people say that a pair, or quad, of tubes were matched but still microphonic.

What does it mean for a tube to microphonic? How does this translate into audible identification? I mean how do you tell by listening whether a tube is microphonic or is just not a good sounding tube or not good sounding with a particular component?
motdathird

Showing 3 responses by clueless

The first few pages of the Cunningham artcle are hard to read but after that it gets easier. As discussed microphonics are caused by (unwanted)changes in the spacings of the internal structure (electrodes) of the tube. Usually by some vibration. The strength of the electric field between the tube's electrodes is closely dependant on the distance between them. If this distance changes (due to movement caused by vibratioin) it is like getting a voltage change. Various parts of the tube, depending on how they are mounted, may vibrate and have resonate frequencies that can cause trouble in the audio range. This is especially a problem with some bass. The bass that shakes your pant leg may be having the same effect on the tube if you put your amp in the wrong place.

Tapping a tube (generally not a good idea) can sometimes sound the same as if you tap a microphone. Ive seen tubes that will pick up speech..that is you can talk into them and hear yourself. Evans says that even matched pairs can vary in this regard and need to be tested separately for M too. Some parts of the tube can move by internal force (the filament of directly heated tubes).

* J. Evans: Valve Microphonics: http://www.thevalvepage.com/valvetek/microph/microph.htm

* T.M. Cunningham: Practical Consideration in the design of low Microphonic Tubes http://www.triodeel.com/micro1.html

Cheers
I remain,
Generally speaking, I can't agree with anything Sugarbrie said, but hey, that's audio.

Microphonics is not frequency dependant and it is the last way you want to adjust highs in a tube amp.

Tube amps without micrphonic tubes sound very good and generally better than those with them. If your tube amp sounds "dull" the last thing you want to look for is a microphonic tube to add to the mix. Change amps and use a different tube, change or tweak the circuit, make a better match with your speakers, blah, blah, blah... but I would not suggest shopping for microphonic tubes.

Sincerely,
I remain
Above Motthird>>If any of the tubes were microphonic, would I have audible problems throughout the range or could it be frequency-specific?

I've never seen anything tying M to F.

above Gs>>Tube microphonics, generally, degrade soundstage imaging and detail.

agreed. Why do you agree with Sugarbrie that it is good thing? Or, is your position that it (microphony) is it simply unavoidable in normal audio usage, in which case, I basically disagree.

>>As to an "identifying" sound, tubes do not have a sonic character - the sound is a product of its environment (circuitry).

Agree and disagree. A tube cannot do work without a circuit. You need a load. No one has ever heard a tube alone. However, tubes do have individual characteristics and this leads to a certain results given a particular circuit. Look at a tube's plate curves and constants. It does not come close to telling you all you need to know but it tells you something. The curves and loadlines will of course change with the circuit.

>>As to the "tube sound" (warmth, LF bloat, etc), it's attributed mostly to distortion that's inherent in its construction and function as a gain device, especially at the clipping point.

basically Agree. And distortion at the clipping point has little to do with microphonics. Some distortions, like microphony, can be controlled in the audio range and in normal audio uses (which does not include tapping).

>> I also think that the microphonic characteristics of tubes contribute to the effect

To a very limited degree in most circumstances. All tubes are microphonic. You can't use a tube that isn't. Tap one (yes it's not a good idea) and they all respond. But this is not the normal use in audio so who cares.

Usually when someone says they have a microphonic tube it means they have one where the internal structure of the tube is weakened and lose. It acts similar to a microphone diaphragm as picks of vibrations (either music or tapping) and amplifies it. The technology has come far enough that this can be avoided for most audio uses.

Guitar players love this effect sometime and exploit it. Listen to Jimi Hendrix's use of feedback (or many others) which is, in part, caused by this.

Some folks like the effect in audio too. Kevin Deal’s statement is as follows:

“ True microphony will rear it's ugly head and make itself known with the most obnoxious distortion you can imagine. A smidge of microphony can (at least in the hi-fi world) add a sense of "air". That's why some guys buy tube dampers and find it sounds better without them. Sometimes.”

True microphony is ugly. Generally it can and is to be avoided.

When you (Sugarbrie) imply it is the reason NOS tubes sound the way they do, you imply microphonics are a dominant reason for sound in NOS tubes (and therefore all old tubes). I think you are going way overboard and making it sound like it is generally a good thing and at the heart of tube sound. This is just wrong. I do agree above that the tube sound is a tube/circuits distortion characteristics. Microphony play a very minor role in most audio because it is a distortion that tube manufacturers have learned to control although QC is an issue. (again, all tubes are microphonic, but if they are used as intended they will perform with out it.)

Deal says a “smidge” and “sometimes.” If you had said sometimes a little M can be a good thing and qualified that in a meaningful way I would agree. You did the opposite, IMHO. Deal is is not saying that it is the secret reason behind NOS tube sound or that it is a way to increase "highs", or that "a tube with absolutely zero microphonics will *very likely* sound kind of dull in many systems" all of which I think are far-fetched and misleading.

There are better ways to get “air” into your system simply because microphonics are by their nature untunable. As Karls said above, unpredictable. Better to remove them ( it ptretty much can be done) and then tweak with something more subject to control if you ask me. You are more likely to get the sound you are looking for.

Cheers
I remain