Matching the cartridge to the phono stage


Hey Everyone, I am new to this so please be gentle :) 

I am in the process of buying an amp that has the phono stage in it with the following specs with 3 options for the cartridge type MM/MC-Low/MC-High:

Moving Magnet: 2.5mV / 47kΩ

Moving Coil:

MC-High-Output: 0.3mV / 100Ω

MC-Low--Output: 0.1mV / 40Ω

LINE 180 mV / 47 kΩ

 

Now I am thinking of buying the Hana SL cartridge with the following specs:

Hana SL specifications:

  • Output Level @ 1kHz: 0.5mV

  • Output Balance @ 1kHz: Less Than 1.5dB

  • Impedance @ 1 kHz: 30 Ohms

  • Suggested Load: 400 Ohms

  • Cartridge Weight: 5 Grams

 

The preamp MC-Low says:  MC-Low--Output: 0.1mV / 40Ω

The Hana SL cartridge: Output Level @ 1kHz: 0.5mV, Impedance @ 1 kHz: 30 Ohms and Suggested Load: 400 Ohms. 

 

How do these values match ? As far as I can see I don't have the same voltage 0.5mv on the cartridge and 0.3mv on the phono preamp. I also see that 40ohm vs 30ohm. The 400ohms figure is only mentioned on the cartridge. 

Can this cartridge be used successfully with this phono stage ?

Do I need to match these numbers ? Can someone help explain this whole thing to me. 

Thanks!

ajones82

Showing 4 responses by mulveling

That is not a very user-friendly spec sheet. This appears to be a full function integrated amplifier and so I’m assuming these mV numbers are sensitivity -- i.e. the required signal level to elicit full amplifier output with the volume control at MAX.

If we work backwards from the phono sensitivity and the stated line stage sensitivity, we can arrive at the gain levels:

  • 0.1mV corresponds to a gain of 65dB at a load of 40 ohms ( @jasonbourne71 was right): 65 = 20 * log(180 / 0.1)
  • 0.3mV to 55dB at 100 ohms
  • 2.5mV to 37dB at 47K ohms

For a 0.5mV cartridge, 60dB is ideal so typically you could go to either 55dB or 65dB. However, the Hana’s 30 ohm DC coil impedance is not a good match for the 40 ohm load listed at the 0.1mV / 65dB setting. Therefore, I would use 0.3mV / 55dB, however even THAT is not ideal, as 100 ohms load is still low for a 30 ohm coil. It will work, it might even sound very good, but you will be throwing away 2.27dB of signal (meaning your effective gain is only 52.73 dB at this setting). Quite frankly their fixed loading selections for MC present a pretty tough load. The most common "rule of thumb" is that you want a phono stage load impedance which is greater than 10x the cartridge’s coil ohms, but I have gone as low as 6x on occasion. Below that, and you will start to face problems very quickly due to signal losses. 30 ohm coils into 100 ohms load is only 3x :(

This phono stage is probably not optimal for the Hana SL, without internal modification - maybe you can change the load resistor? Most MC cartridges would do fine on this amp. The Hana SL is atypical because its coil impedance of 30 ohms is very high for its output level of 0.5mV. You will typically see 0.5mV cartridges with coils that are 5 - 15 ohms. The Hana ML, at 0.4mV and 7 ohms coils, would be a much better match here.

@ajones82

Some will say to get the cartridge you want and buy the right phono stage for that, even if it means bypassing the phono stage in your new amp. Others will say mod your new amp with the right resistor to load your cartridge optimally. But really, there’s a million ways to skin the cat. in the end your ears & experiences will trump any number of reviews and posts on the internet :)

The good news is I’ve purchased many MC cartridges in 15 years and haven’t encountered one yet that doesn’t sound at least very good. I haven’t heard Hanas but I’m fairly sure they’re quite good as advertised.

Off the top of my head, if I were matching an MC cartridge to this phono stage, I know that the Ortofon Quintet and Cadenza lines all have 5 ohm coils with strong output levels (0.3 - 0.45mV) that would match well here. I particularly like the Cadenza Red and Bronze (they also have slightly higher outputs levels which is nice). Those models have a fun, musical sound that’s hard to stop listening to.

Koetsus have 5 ohm coils and 0.4mV outputs and sound wonderful, but are expensive and on the very warm side of the spectrum!

My Sonic Labs have extremely low coil impedances and high output levels, but are also quite expensive.

Alternatively you could also use the 47K MM input on your amp with a SUT (step-up transformer) OR an MC head-amp (e.g. Hagerman Piccolo - a JFET based head-amp) that would match better to the Hanas. The Hagerman Piccolo is under like 300 bucks and paired with the 47K MM input on your amp it would perfectly match virtually any MC, including the Hanas. Quite frankly that might be a good compromise. I have 2 of the older Piccolos and can verify the sonics are very good and functionality as advertised. Current version looks like a good deal.

Like I said, lots of ways to skin the cat...

You mentioned Benz and Soundsmith.  Many Benz LOMC cartridges have high-ish internal resistance, like the Hana SL (33 ohms).  So those are just as difficult to match with your phono stage as is the SL.

Specifically, these Benz models are: Gullwing, Ruby, and LPS. They share a ruby plate armature which significantly lowers output level relative to any given coil arrangement. They're a tough match to a SUT and OP's phono stage. Typical for these is 0.35V @ 40 ohms or 0.7mV @ 80 ohms.

The lower Benz lines use an iron cross armature that is much more efficient. These work great with the right SUT, and should also be workable with OP's phono. The models include: Ace, Gilder, Wood, Zebrawood, Reference, Ebony. Typical for these models is 0.4mV @ 12 ohms or 0.26mV @ 5 ohms. 

@ajones82 those last numbers are the signal to noise ratio relative to a reference input level (the “typical” MM and MC cartridge output levels), as calculated by the IHF A weighting standard. The A weighting heavily de-emphasizes bass (power supply ripple) and treble frequencies. Given that, the numbers look OK but perhaps not stellar. It has nothing to do with the phono stage altering signal or adjusting to cartridge level.