Hi Tom,
As you know we use the same arm, cartridge and preamp. With 8-10 different UNIverses on our arm we've never had such issues with any music, at any volume up to window shattering.
Based on that experience I question the tonearm/compliance theory (assuming your cartridge has the SB option). You can test by trying a different counterweight, positioned to give you the same VTF. That will change the eff. mass slightly, which would alter the behavior if eff. mass were the culprit. Seems doubtful to me, as I said, but it can't hurt to try.
We get only minor woofer pumping on obviously warped discs, as we should. Basically it's just the cartridge, arm, preamp and and amp reproducing the warp frequency and pushing it through to the speakers, as they should. But in our setup this never results in sonic breakup or "clipping" unless a warp's so bad the cartridge mistracks. We have exactly one LP that can cause that, a nasty pinch warp. It's our torture test for vertical tracking ability. ;-)
I suspect you have some combination of room interactions reinforcing a low frequency and/or amplifier headroom issues. Both would be volume sensitive and could lead to breakup at higher SPLs.
Just for fun, try blocking the ports on your speakers and see what that does. Try borrowing a different amp too, if you can.