Different Tubes and general purpose?


I’m trying to get a better midrange push or clarity out of my Line Magnetic 501ia tube amp.   Can someone help me understand what the specific function each type of tube performs in a power amp?  

I would like to upgrade several or all of my “stock” tubes but would like to understand where to start to beat enhance each aspect of the sound spectrum.   On my 501ia i have 4x KT120 and i believe those are power tubes, but please help clarify if wrong.  There are 2x 6SN7EH 1x 12AU7 and 2x 12AX7 (but the AU7 and AX7 look interchangeable to me).   As i look to upgrade where to i look to start, and why?  
Thanks in advance for help. 
gunners01
Thanks Dekay for the follow up.  That has yet to be answered and i honestly tries to research this, but struggled to find anything authoritative.  It would be helpful to know. 
Hello @gunners01

I have the Line Magnetic LM-508IA and tubes made a big difference in sound. In fact, power tubes (805 in my case) also made a considerable difference, may be even more than preamp tubes. 

If Im not wrong, you said that your amp has 50 to 60 hours of use. I would burn more the amp as I believe its not enough to judge its performance. In fact, during burning time, one day may sound worse than the day before. I would burn it at least for 300 hours before changing anything. 

Then, if you want to roll tubes, I would start with the preamp ones, wich are cheaper and can give you an idea of the changes. 

By the way, Ive tried changing the original fuse with a HiFi Tuning Supreme one and Ive found an improvement, but not huge. I would start with preamp tubes after 300 hours of burning with out a doubt. 

Good luck!! 

"Can someone help me understand what the specific function each type of tube performs in a power amp?"

This has yet to be answered...


Input stage: 2x 12AX7
Rectifier: 1x 12AU7
Drivers: 2x 6SN7
Power stage: 4x KT120


Thanks plga. I will take your advice.  Much appreciated.  
Also thanks imhififan.  Is there a decoder ring for rectifier?   I think i get the others, but still not sure what role each plays in sound production.  
imhififan979 posts03-25-2020 8:03pm
"Can someone help me understand what the specific function each type of tube performs in a power amp?"

This has yet to be answered...


Input stage: 2x 12AX7
Rectifier: 1x 12AU7
Drivers: 2x 6SN7
Power stage: 4x KT120


I read above the power tubes have some issues also. Nothing I've ever owned used KT120, or 150.  I have always been a 6L6 (lower wattage) 6550, KT88 and 90 user, when it comes to power tubes. I'll bet if they were bios different, the problem might go away. AUTO bios can be an issue..for some valves.

6SN7s have been around a long time, there has to be some great valves out there for that one too. Very good valve. Use to call um double trips,
actually two valves in one.. Can't tell me matching this valve isn't important.

The 12AX and AU7 will cost the least. TONs of options. MATCH the tubes. If there is no way to bios the signal tubes, matching makes a big difference. The quality of the valve, prone to vibration (BIG ISSUE).
(Valve tap with a thin wooden dowel), if you don't have a tester.  An old
school, valve amp guy, showed me that one, the tap test. (Lightly), not a snare drum. Hold the top, one finger, tap the side.
I've  also gotten serious changes with HOW the unit was and is bios,
there is a range say 200-300 (just a number). It can change how the amp sounds A LOT.. The 20-50.00 usd on signal tubes, bios options (if there is any), matching, unit vibrational control (good idea) TWEAKS in the valve world for sure, and dirt cheap..

These, along with, placement, treatment (heaver drapes), controlling the bass usually cleans up EVERYTHING.  just a bunch of stuff  you could do for just a few bucks, in the name of MIDS...You'll get it..

Respectfully The OldHvyMec..