Damping Vibration - Friend or Foe?



Hi All,

I have been reading many discussions regarding the use of damping in and around audio components here on Audiogon. I thought that the following discussion from the FAQ page of my company’s website would add a little clarity. The example here involves a home theater system but the same principles hold true for an audio only system.

Question: Some people claim that adding damping to components to control vibration can sometimes make them sound less dynamic and somewhat lifeless. Why should this be so when damping reduces the problems of vibration and resonance?

Answer: I have also heard the same comments a number of times. Unfortunately, people mistakenly attribute these negative changes in performance solely to the addition of damping to a component. If we look at the entire evolution of an audio or video system we can gain a much more clear understanding of what is happening and why it is happening.

Let’s say that John, who is an audio and video enthusiast, decides to put together a really nice home theater system. He reads a number of magazines, visits websites devoted to these topics and assembles a system composed of many highly rated components. John sits down to enjoy a well produced action movie but a few minutes into the first scene realizes that he’s not hearing or seeing what’s been described in the magazines by the reviewers. The highs are bright and harsh, the midrange is forward and the bass is bloated and ill defined. The video picture is also disappointing – the images are not very sharp or detailed, it looks rather two dimensional and the color is only so-so. What’s going on? These are all really good and pretty expensive components!

John decides to try different interconnect and speaker cables to deal with the audio problems. After two or three weeks of trying a number of different brands he decides on Brand X between the converter and the surround processor (it had the smoothest highs) Brand Y between the processor and the amplifiers (it had the best midrange) and Brand Z to the subwoofer (it had much better bass). In addition, he spent a many hours trying different speaker positions. It also happened that the cable between the DVD player and the video projector John chose was from Brand X - it reduced many of the video problems he was seeing. He then had a technician come out and recalibrate the projector for this new cable. Now John is happier with the system, after all, he even switched the front amp for a different brand. But after a few weeks he is still noticing that the highs have sibilance during loud passages, are still kind of bright, and the midrange, although better than before, still honks a little and is not that distinct on complex dialog. Plus imaging is good but not great. The bass is better but he’s had to try the subwoofer in nine or ten different positions and, of course, the one that sounded best was right in the middle of the walkway!

John is bummed but starts thinking about acoustical treatment for his room and decides that adding some of that will surely make the system sound great. He borrows a bunch of different devices from a number of dealers and spends all day and night Saturday and Sunday trying all of the devices in different combinations and positions. By 11:59 P.M. on Sunday night he’s finally found the best compromise that takes care of many of the other audio problems, although some still remain.

All this work has left John exhausted but happy for a couple of months. He can now at least enjoy watching movies but increasingly is annoyed by the remaining audio and video problems. Over time he’s also noticed some new problems he hadn’t noticed before!

Well, now what? John does more reading. He’s read about vibration control before but now starts to think more seriously about it. He knows that Brand B’s products (high-mass and high-absorption damping devices) get great reviews and have won lots of awards so he decides to try them. He places a compliant decoupling platform on the shelf, a high-mass and high-absorption isolation platform on top of the compliant platform, the DVD player on top of the high-mass platform and a high-mass damping pod on top of the DVD player and the surround processor. Well just about all of the remaining audio and video problems are now gone – the highs are very smooth, the midrange is clear and the bass is much tighter, the video picture is far better – but somehow things sound constricted and lifeless. John likes the improvements but is not very sure that this is good thing overall.

What is really going on? As we’ve seen, John has taken a fairly convoluted road to reach the point of trying the damping products. Along the way he has made many choices of associated components, accessories and set-up to optimize the system. “Optimize“ has mostly meant reducing obvious and subtle problems and enhancing certain other aspects of performance. Unfortunately, much of this effort has been an attempt to reduce the negative audio and video artifacts of vibration contamination. The choice of cables, acoustic treatment devices, speaker position, etc. have all been made to ameliorate the SYMPTOMS, not the CAUSE of the problem – vibration! Once the cause of the problem is eliminated, the system shows itself for what it is – a system where the highs and mids have been pushed down in level and dynamic range because of acoustical treatment devices and associated components, where imaging has been manipulated by speaker position and acoustic treatment to compensate for random out-of-phase elements, where subwoofer position has been chosen as a compromise, where video calibration and associated components have been selected to compensate for vibration induced jitter and other artifacts in the video bitstream, etc., etc., etc. It is no wonder that John was under-whelmed when he added the damping devices!!

Also at issue is the fact that the designers of the components in the system have voiced their designs with vibration (most probably) present in their reference systems. They have compensated for the problems introduced by vibration and resonance by changing parts and topology to minimize the symptoms (not the cause) of that problem. It is quite possible that effectively eliminating vibration and resonance with damping is letting you REALLY hear how the component has been designed.

It is often the case that the choice of set-up, associated components, ancillary accessories, acoustic treatment, etc. has to be significantly and fundamentally reevaluated when adding devices that eliminate basic problems in a system – especially problems that are as pervasive and permeating as those brought about by unwanted vibration and resonance.

Best Regards,

Barry Kohan

Disclaimer: I am a manufacturer of vibration control products.
bright_star_audio

Stehno,

I'd like to also add that merely decoupling a component from floor-borne vibration will not completely eliminate vibration. Nor will only damping the component achieve the goal. Battling vibration effectively can only be accomplished by combining the right materials with the correct methodologies.

Best,

Barry

Discalimer: I am a manufacturer of vibration control products.
BrianW, what's "quadrupled deionized water"? I make ultrapure water for a living and can't figure that one out...
Here is a combination that I have recently come to by chance, with very good results. I am a willing experimenter by nature, but very inexperienced in this field. Now, I’d like to understand why this combination sounds so favorable to me, I am at a loss explain it. Does anyone care to volunteer an explanation of what’s at work here?

Here goes…
My DVD/CD player which is dampened fairly significantly and mass loaded, sits on a platform that includes from top to bottom (top providing contact with the DVD/CD):
- Ivory (using a set of 3 - picked up “selling out” napkin holders made of ivory)
- Corian ( 1” thick cutting board - another “sell out” item)
- Superballs (3 halves)
- MDF shelf

The ivory turned out to be the key component in achieving “vibration dampening as friend" bliss. The result is a clearly discernable improvement in resolution across the spectrum of high to low frequencies. It’s very musical.
Hi Couvjazz,

The interface between the component and whatever is placed beneath it is critical. Whatever is placed there has its own resonance frequency and depending on its size and mass will change the resonance frequency of the component.

The superballs have the ability to absorb vibration because they are compliant but the MDF, corian and ivory do not. The initial application of the superballs is to decouple from floor-borne vibration but they will also absorb vibration from the structure above. Considering you have mass loaded the component's chassis, it is now much less resonant and is more stiff so it will not vibrate in sympathy with the air-borne vibration to the same degree.

Corian, when used a vibration control material has a number of limitations. It does, however, have the ability to transfer vibration because it is rigid. Before adding the ivory rings the feet of the component were directly receiving any ringing the coriam sheet had been exhibiting. Lifting the component away from the corian by the rigid napkin holders reduced the transer of problems from the corian while still allowing unwanted stored energy (vibration and resonance) to transfer out of the component.

Even though you are now pleased with your results so far, and I'm glad that you are, there is much you can do to improve things further with the use of higher maass and higher absorption beneath the component and better decoupling from floor borne vibration (you haven't really described the mass loading on top of the component so I can't comment on that).

Best Regards,

Barry Kohan

Disclaimer: I am a manufacturer of vibration control products.