Stylus-Drag..Fact or Fiction?


Most audiophiles can't seem to believe that a tiny stylus tracking the record groove on a heavy platter could possibly 'slow-down' the rotating speed of a turntable.
I must admit that proving this 'visually' or scientifically has been somewhat difficult until Sutherland brought out the Timeline.
The Timeline sits over the spindle of the rotating disc and flashes a laser signal at precisely the correct timing for either 33.33rpm or 45rpm.
By projecting these 'flashes' onto a nearby wall (with a marker attached)....one can visualise in real-time, whether the platter is 'speed-perfect' (hitting the mark at every revolution), losing speed (moving to the left of the mark) or gaining speed (moving to the right of the mark).

RAVEN BELT-DRIVE TT vs TIMELINE 
Watch here how the laser hits the mark each revolution until the stylus hits the groove and it instantly starts losing speed (moving to the left).
You can track its movement once it leaves the wall by seeing it on the Copperhead Tonearm.
Watch how it then speeds up when the tonearms are removed one by one....and then again, loses speed as the arms are dropped.

RAVEN BELT-DRIVE TT vs TIMELINE
Watch here how the laser is 'spot-on' each revolution with a single stylus in the groove and then loses speed as each additional stylus is added.
Then observe how....with NO styli in the groove.....the speed increases with each revolution (laser moves to the right) until it 'hits' the mark and then continues moving to the right until it has passed the mark.

Here is the 35 year-old Direct Drive Victor TT-81 turntable (with Bi-Directional Servo Control) undergoing the same examination:-
VICTOR TT-81 DD TT vs TIMELINE 
128x128halcro

Showing 9 responses by richardkrebs

Halcro. Thanks for posting the videos. I have seen tests like this before and the thing which startles is how quickly the platter slows down. All due to the drag induced by a tiny diamond thrashing about in a plastic groove. Others have said that a high moment of  inertia platter will save the day. Don't know what the inertia figure for the Raven is but the platter itself does look substantial, so it is reasonable to assume that it isn't a feather weight. 
A  high inertia platter simply changes the time constant for a given motor torque. Sure, its deceleration rate will be slower but it will also take longer to recover. There doesn't seem to be any free lunch here.
Also agree totally with atmasphere. "a robust drive" is a common thread through most of the collectable vintage TTs  
Wouldn't setting the speed with the arm lowered be, at best, a compromise?
What record do you choose? Surely the stylus drag is modulation dependant, so if you choose to set the speed at a 'medium modulation' level record, the platter will run fast some of the time and slow some of the time. This, purely dependant on what is going on with the music. Add in the radius where you lowered the arm and it becomes a lottery. 
mijostyn

Yeah I know, I'm a dinosaur.

And yes, agree, it is all about enjoying the music. One question I ask myself when I make a change is...How does the music make me feel after the change? Am I more connected to the performance? Does it move me emotionally? 

BTW a big thumbs up for Jethro Tull.
I have two versions of Thick as a Brick. the original and the remastered which includes a second album Thick as a Brick II  

Much prefer the remastered. 
Same goes for Aqualung.

Cheers 

While coreless motors exhibit no cogging, they do show, at a much lower level, perturbations in output torque. As designed and as built are two different things. 

Is this audible? maybe. What this wonderful hobby has taught me is that pretty much everything is audible, at least in the analogue world where I live.   

Mike.
Exactly. This is what I was trying to say with respect to dynamic speed stability, (steadiness)
The level of granularity we use to measure TTs is simply too crude to show us what is going on in real time under dynamic conditions.  

But we sure can hear it.


chakster.

I said... "I don't claim to be able to hear this difference"

You seem to be agreeing with me?.
Raul raises a good point. How accurately are the various cutting lathes spinning? This is a whole different topic. 

It does lead nicely into long term average speed accuracy....
There is a trend to show how incredibly accurate peoples DD TTs run, posting videos using the timeline over extended runs. This is a great demonstration of how accurately a TT's long term speed control can be.

But how important is an average 33.3333333 rpm?
Lets say TT1 runs at an average 33.333 and TT2 runs at an average 33.334. A 1000hz tone cut accurately at 33.333 would of course be played back at 1000hz on TT1, but it would be higher on TT2 at 1000.03hz.
I don't claim to be able to hear this difference. 

What I think is important is the TTs dynamic speed accuracy. How does it behave under a varying load. I believe that we are sensitive to real time changes in pitch. But do not hear them as such. Halcro describes the Raven as being more relaxed than the Victor. This general description pretty much covers many BD/DD comparisons. Clearly we are hearing differences but not describing these in terms of pitch. We  use different descriptors.. 

The timeline only tells us how long it takes for the platter to make one rotation. Confirming, or not, that it took 1.8 seconds at its 33.33 setting. That is, was its average speed 33.33 or not.  It does not tell us anything about what happened to the platters dynamic speed during that rotation. 

Yeah, yeah, the platters inertia will save you, I don't think so. There are no free lunches.  


Chris.

Many thanks for the input of which I completely concur.


Lewm
I couldn't resist!  
Hi phoenixengr. why do you think  VPI use trapezoidal commutation?
Surely this is not optimum if they want to minimize torque ripple. 


Cheers

Hi  phoenixengr. VPI have made interesting choices in the controller and motor. You would think that Thingap would make a motor with low speed/power windings ( higher resistance  ) making for finer speed control from the Elmo.
All that said, the TT gets great press, so the package seems to work very well indeed.