Directionality Explained

I wonder why it isn't mentioned? Oversight I guess. 

How does that explain directionality? 

Good for you learning can be fun.

I've been looking up photos of copper wire under a microscope, I'm not seeing this " Chevron shape". 

I think it was an appeal to marketing fluff. "I'm an EE and I used to not believe stuff then I got this idea to sell stuff and now I hear stuff and my stuff is better because of stuff."

Sound and hearing the amazing things we know in the 21st century.

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hframe.html

Let's see if I go the other direction in my house the wire would be reversed so the reading on the left side of the house would be less than the right side or viseversa in the event they wired the house backwards. I'll  be sure to get those readings and get back to you jolly. 

Let me see if I rip the wire out of my wall and reverse it instead of reading 121 volts as it does now it's going to read what? 50 volts? 

I guess they are time constrained although if you dig deep enough in that link they look at phonographs, tape, digital, amplifiers, microphones, mixers, feedback, EQ,speakers and that's just one little section but yeah nothing on backwards wires. 

Conventional current flow and electron current flow are in opposite directions which one is backwards? 

Hope you get to feeling better, cable threads are usually good for a chuckle.

Already tried the speaker cables and interconnects jea48. Doesn't  seem to be any difference in measurements or sound. Yeah I know garbage stereo and deaf. 

Not coming down with Covid-19 are you 🤢

Monoprice has IEC C7 cords for $4.12 if you need one for the mini mac. 

 I'm  not sure but I think this is the link.

http://www.hifi-tuning.com/pdf/wlfr.eng.pdf

Nothing about wires makes them sound better in one direction compared to the other. 
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/miccur.html#c1

I don't understand why you keep bringing up poynting vector? 

There are two stages recovery and recrystalization . Recrystalization extinguishes offsets in the drawn wire making its characteristics very close to the rods before the drawing process. If the deformations are not gotten rid of as much as possible it decreases the conductivity of the wire. 

After it is pulled through the die it goes through annealing where  recrystalization occurs. Electrons is copper bounce around every which direction voltage is applied causing charge flow. Nothing about this process would cause audible differences in which direction the voltage is applied to the wire. Instruments can measure well beyond human hearing no golden ears required. 

Audiophile effect:
Adjective;
 audible but hides from those pesky instruments that can measure well beyond anything humans can hear. 

During first stage recovery after drawing copper wire there is an internal rearrangement of the microstrcuture, second stage recrystalization recovers mechanical and electrical characteristics. If this didn't occur the wire would have microscopic holes and deformations reducing conductivity.  Whatever you do with your beat up sheet of copper I hope it isn't making a flat cover for a table, if so then heating and forming  to restore to its it's original condition would help out.

Why else would HIFi Tuning publish the study on their web site? 

Other than it claims their fuses are the best for every application and is a good marketing scam who knows? 

Fuses might might have a sound characteristic if they are in the signal path but any competently made modern component shouldn't be using fuses there. Most of these fuses people are replacing is in the mains. This thread isn't about fuses.

If there were a time based problem like jitter then it's measurable, should be no problem showing it. 

Since voltage is electric potential energy per unit charge if voltage doesn't sum to zero in a closed loop then you've violated the conservation of energy. 

I've  read it. Doesn't change the way current flows. Electric current and electric energy where Poynting vector comes in are two different things. How you make current is move charges you do that by applying voltage. 

1. Would it be enough to be audible.
2. AC current simply flows with the charge being pushed by voltage it doesn't care about wire directionality. Flip the wire around and the current flows just the same if there was a difference it too would be easy to measure. 

If the direction of the wire caused a change in current it’s measurable.

http://amasci.com/miscon/whatis2.html#4

There is also the voltage law which must follow the conservation of energy

The voltage changes around any closed loop must sum to zero. No matter what path you take through an electric circuit, if you return to your starting point you must measure the same voltage, constraining the net change around the loop to be zero.

Read this it will tell you everything you want to know about electrical circuits and then some. There is also some good links into sound and hearing read those too.
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hframe.html

 If I install a wire between an amp and speaker the current flows from the amp to the speaker if I turn the wire around it flows the same way. If an AC current were directional the way wires are being touted as directional then the current would flow backwards from speaker to amp when the direction of the wire was changed. AC currents are nothing but flows of charge the charge flows from the difference in voltage potential no matter which way the wire is.

If you are using current for your argument why wire cannot be be directional then you will need to prove the electric charge carries the signal from the source to the load. And you know you can'

That isn't what I said. I'm not talking about energy flow but charge flow and if a wire is directional (affects the charge flow different depending on which end voltage is applied to) then it's  measurable. Whether that affects anything audible I never said. 

Of course I have biases don't you? Yeah, I'm not rich so I just look at what tests there are out there that have controlled for biases. 

One hundred thousand have seen ghosts but it's going to take more than them claiming they saw them to prove they exist. I don't care if a million claim they hear a difference in wire directionality unless it's through tests controlled for biases. 

I don't know a lot but I do know that claims about what people see or hear are filtered through normal human biases, if nothing is done to try to filter these biases then the tests and claims aren't worth much.

So you make your audio system decisions based on others' test results? That must really limit your choices!

 Not really there's a lot of components that's been tested. Wires I'm like most people, a subjectivist,  if I don't hear a difference then I don't waste money on it. 

I posted the link. It shows slight differences between brands of fuses and direction of fuses. Naturally Hi-Fi Tuning fuses are best. It also says 

The measurements done so far showed some measurable differences between fuses, but didn´t explain completely the sonic differences.

It doesn't say anything about their results aligning with any listening tests.

It doesn’t matter fuses are mostly used in the mains not in the audio signal path. If they are in the audio signal path it’s possible it can affect the sound but whether it’s audible who knows. I doubt it especially figuring that speaker distortion would be many db’s more than a miniscule amount from a backwards fuse.

So let's keep it to some people hear differences in power cables  not that it's already been proved.

I have never read any manufacturer of power cables claim their cable made sonic differences only that they "may " make a difference or we can hear a difference. Or here are reviews from our customers. If they went as far as to claim their cable really objectively made a difference they would open themselves up to lawsuits and consumer protection violations because if they went that far they would have to actually prove it.

We "know" that power cables make a difference? I didn't  know that perhaps you could point me to a link? 

Yes, there are tons of subjective opinions on fuses, power cables and wires of every stripe. What you will not find is any manufacturer of said things claiming they absolutely definitely objectively make a difference in your sound system. Their lawyers know better than to let them do something that stupid. Of course they could provide results of controlled tests and measurements to support their contentions but , well...that would interfere with profits. 

kind of doubt anything in audio is actionable the way you define it.

They way I define it the way a Judge would look at it and toss the suit  before it got anywhere. It's why I mentioned the Listerine lawsuit. They made a universal definitive claim. " Our mouthwash helps prevent colds" it was proven it didn't.  Most people think our cable improves image or whatever is not actionable and you will not see actionable statements in their marketing. 

You read the links and saw nothing actionable?

Correct. There are no definitive provable claims only marketing. Some hear, we hear , our customers hear, we measured differences (without claiming those differences are objectively proven to affect audible changes to all that listen) are  marketing claims nothing actionable I can see in them.

significantly increase the range of both color and contrast, which creates an even more vibrant and realistic picture" sure sounds definitive to me. 

Doesn't to me, that's why it isn't actionable. Definitive to who? It does all these wonderful things for who? 99% of those who tried them? Everyone? 1%? 

Neither do you.

You will not find proof on these manufacturers websites other than them showing differences in measurements to other items of like kind and subjective options of what those measurements mean to the sound. No lawyer worth a damn is going to let a manufacturer of cables make definitive statements. Few years ago in the UK a man brought a complaint against a power cord manufacturer claiming misleading statements about the product. The first ruling was for the plaintiff but a subsequent appeals ruling overturned saying the manufacturer never explicitly said everyone would notice a difference and that in their research papers they never said any of the measured differences between power cords were necessarily audible. The reason no action is taken is the lawyers only allow weasel words in their claims to do otherwise invites LAWSUITS UNLESS they can objectively PROVE their claims. The legal lesson is free.

Filing a claim against a cable manufacturer would be like suing Pepsi because I think Coke tastes better. You can't sue over marketing double speak that’s what got Listerine in trouble they made a definitive statement our product kills 99% of germs and they couldn’t prove it.

This might be an actionable claim, " everyone who uses our cables will definitely have "superior image and sound reproduction." Of course they would toss in money back guaranteed which kind of negates the "everyone" in their initial claim. 

Yeah, OK I read the links I saw nothing actionable but then again I saw no evidence of anything said ,  that these products would definitely improve everyone's listening experience. Something would only be actionable if the claim made would be considered fact or universal, i.e. listerines claim their mouthwash killed germs. 

Does it say everyone will definitely hear a significant improvement? Significant to who exactly? Few hundred audiophiles or everyone? Nothing actionable in that weasel statement. No , it's not easy to prove whether an image is better or not, better to who? You're not going to find objective definable claims on universal sound characteristics and improvement in any of these manufacturers papers.